Cost Analysis

Approximate costs for BINST operations at 10 sat/vB fee rate.

OperationMechanismApprox. cost
Create institutionOrdinal inscription (~500B text)~$2–5
Create process templateChild inscription (~300B)~$1–3
Record step executionChild inscription (~200B)~$0.50–2
Etch membership RuneRunestone in OP_RETURN~$1–3
Mint membership for 1 userRunestone transaction~$0.50–1
Transfer institution adminSend UTXO (standard tx)~$0.30–1
Total: institution + template + 10 members~$15–30

Testnet4 is free during development. Mainnet costs scale with fee rates but remain reasonable for institutional operations that happen infrequently.

Locked Sats at Scale

Each entity UTXO locks 546 sats (the dust limit). These sats are not burned — they are recoverable when the vault UTXO is spent (admin transfer, reinscription, etc.).

ScaleSats lockedBTC lockedAt $100K/BTC
1 institution5460.00000546$0.55
100 institutions54,6000.00054600$54.60
10,000 institutions5,460,0000.05460000$5,460

Transaction fees (commit + reveal) dwarf the dust padding by 5–10×. The real cost optimization target is batching and fee rate timing, not the locked sats.

Future Optimization: Batching

Bitcoin-side operations (inscribe + etch + distribute runes) can be grouped into fewer transactions:

Single Bitcoin TX:
  Input:  admin's UTXO (from taproot vault)
  Output 0: inscription envelope (institution identity)
  Output 1: rune etch (INSTITUTION•MEMBER)
  Output 2: rune transfer to member_1
  Output 3: rune transfer to member_2
  Output 4: change back to vault

This is planned for Phase 3 — a BINST-aware transaction builder that composes Bitcoin-side operations into minimal transactions.